Nokia N9. 00 Wikipedia. Nokia N9. 00. Manufacturer. Nokia. Type. Mobile Internet device, handheld computer and smartphone. Release date. 11 November 2. Mediamicro. SDmicro. SDHC card1Operating system. Maemo 5,2Mee. Go. CPUTI OMAP 3. 43. So. C6. 00 MHz ARM Cortex A8. CPU4. 30 MHz C6. 4xDSP2Memory. MB Mobile DDR7. 68 MB swap space for a total of 1 GB virtual memory2Storage. MB NAND flash. 32 GB e. MMC flash2Display. TFT 8. 00 4. 80 resolution. The Nokia N900 is a smartphone made by Nokia. It supersedes the Nokia N810. Its default operating system, Maemo 5, is a Linuxbased OS originally developed for the. You have not yet voted on this site If you have already visited the site, please help us classify the good from the bad by voting on this site. Top VIdeos. Warning Invalid argument supplied for foreach in srvusersserverpilotappsjujaitalypublicindex. php on line 447. Graphics. Power. VR SGX5. GPU supporting Open. GL ES 2. 02Sound. Stereo loudspeaker. TRRS for AudioHeadphonesVideo out. Input. Resistive touchscreen. Localized backlit keyboard with variations for English, Italian, French, German, Russian, Scandinavian and Spanishmicrophone. Proximity sensor. Ambient light sensor. Camera. 5. 0 MP 2,5. Carl Zeiss Tessar lens rear camera0. MP 6. 404. 80 f2. Connectivity. GSM8. GPRS 1. 076. 4 kbits DLULEDGE 2. DLULUMTS9. 001. WCDMA 3. 843. 84 kbits DLULHSPA 1. Mbits DLULWLANIEEE 8. Bluetooth 2. 1. Integrated GPS with A GPS18. MHz FM receiver. 88 1. MHz FM transmitter. Infrared transmitter. Power. BL 5. J 1. Ah battery2Micro. USB Battery Charger,Online services. Skype, IM chats, Facebook. Dimensions. 11. 0. Weightapprox. 1. 81 g 0. Predecessor. Nokia N8. Nokia N9. 7Successor. Nokia N9. Nokia N9. UnreleasedThe Nokia N9. Nokia. 5 It supersedes the Nokia N8. Its default operating system, Maemo 5, is a Linux based OS originally developed for the Nokia 7. Internet Tablet. It is the first Nokia device based upon the Texas Instruments OMAP3microprocessor with the ARM Cortex A8 core. Unlike the three Nokia Internet tablets preceding it, the Nokia N9. Maemo device to include phone functionality quad band. GSM and 3. GUMTSHSDPA. 6The N9. Internet device, and includes e mail, web browsing and access to online services, a 5 megapixeldigital camera for still or video photography, a portable media player for music and video, calculator, games console and word processor, SMS, as well as mobile telephony using either a mobile network or Vo. IP via Internet mobile or Wi Fi. 7 Maemo provides an X terminal interface for interacting with the core operating system. It was launched at Nokia World on 2 September 2. November 2. 00. 9 in the United States and 9 European countries. The N9. 00 was launched alongside Maemo 5, giving the device an overall more touch friendly interface than its predecessors and a customizable home screen which mixes application icons with shortcuts and widgets. Maemo 5 supports Adobe Flash Player 9. History and availabilityeditThe Nokia N9. September 2. 00. 8 during a keynote presentation by Dr. Ari Jaaksi of Nokia. New supported features were announced for Maemo 5 such as cellular connectivity over 3. GHSPA, TI OMAP3 processor and high definition camera support. No news on backward compatibility for older Internet Tablets and no time frame was established. 1. The release of the pre alpha Maemo 5 software development kit, in December 2. OMAP3 architecture, revamped the user interface, included support for hardware graphics acceleration and other functionalities not found in Internet Tablets at the time such as cellular data connectivity and high definition camera support. The first photo and specifications of the N9. Rover while being developed, came out in May 2. The release of FCC approval documents in August 2. RX 5. 1. 1. 41. The Nokia N9. 00 was officially announced on 2 September 2. Nokia World 2. 00. Germany. Nokia says it is step 4 of 5 in the line of Maemo devices which started in 2. Nokia 7. 70. 1. 7The device was initially available in selected markets starting November 2. December in the UK1. Finland,1. 9 Germany,2. Italy,2. 1 Netherlands2. Spain,2. 3 6. 49 in France,2. Poland,2. 5 5. 99. Sweden and 4. 992. United Kingdom, all prices including VAT but excluding subsidies. The retail price at launch was US6. United States excluding sales taxes and subsidies. 12. It will be available in Canada through independent retailers for around C8. As of March 2. 01. Nokia site in Australia lists the N9. Black was the only color available at launch. Initially, availability was extremely limited, leading to further delays. The statement from Nokia was that there was higher pre order demand than expected. 3. The Nokia N9. 00 launched in Hong Kong on 2. May 2. 01. 0, with added features to facilitate character handwriting input. Price at launch was 4. HKD. 3. 4 It has already been released to Australia via Optus. Hardwareedit. N9. ProcessorseditThe Nokia N9. OMAP 3. 43. 0 ARM Cortex A8, which is a system on a chip made by Texas Instruments based on a 6. CMOS process. The OMAP 3. Cortex A8 running at 6. MHz up to 1. 1. 5 GHz with correct overclocking used to run the OS and applications, the Power. VR SGX5. 30 GPU made by Imagination Technologies which supports Open. GL ES 2. 0 and is capable of up to 1. MPolyss and a TMS3. C6. 4x, the digital signal processors, running at 4. MHz used to run the image processing camera, audio processing telephony and data transmission. The TMS3. 20 C6. 4x main purpose is to offload the Cortex A8 from having to process audio and video signal. 3. Moreover, the OMAP 3. N9. 00 devices has been successfully over clocked up to 1. MHz by using a modified kernel and editing the kernel power configuration file. 3. The system has 2. MB of dedicated high performance RAM Mobile DDR paired with access to 7. MB swap space managed by the OS. 2 This provides a total of 1 GB of virtual memory. Screen and inputeditThe Nokia N9. WVGA, 2. 67 ppi. According to both Nokia and the Xorg. RGB. 3. 7 Nokia N9. Carl Zeiss optics, autofocus, Dual LED flash, video light, geo tagging3. The LCD is transflective to permit usability over a wide range of luminosity from daylight to dark. Haptic feedback is provided to touchscreen input by applying a small vibration or a sound the user can choose whether to have this feature enabled. 3. A stylus is provided to allow more precise touch input and access to smaller user interface elements. A 3 axis accelerometer allows the orientation of the screen to change between portrait and landscape mode in certain applications, or it can be used as user input in games and applications. 4. While the dashboard or desktop is active, rotating the device from landscape to portrait mode activates the phone application a feature that can also be disabled at user discretion. 4. With update PR1. 2, It became possible to view web pages in portrait mode. 4. Developers may add support for portrait mode in their applications if desired. 4. There is a proximity sensor which deactivates the display and touchscreen when the device is brought near the face during a call. 4. The slide out 4 row keyboard and D pad of the Nokia N8. Nokia N9. 00 with a slide out 3 row backlit keyboard with arrow keys as with previous Internet Tablets, an on screen keyboard is also available. In addition to the English QWERTY layout, the slide out keyboard will be available in variants for Italian,4. French,4. 6 German,4. Russian,4. 8 Czech,4. Nordic Finnish, Swedish,5. Spanish. The Nokia N9. The OS comes with a word prediction software that can be configured to the user preferences auto capitalization, word completion, auto spacing between words. 5. The device has an autonomous GPS with optional A GPS functionality and comes pre loaded with the Ovi Maps application. Ovi Maps provides typical mapping features such as alternate views 3. D landmarks, satellite, and hybrid maps, addressplaces of interest searching, and route planning, although it does not have turn by turn navigation yet. 5. The 5 megapixel camera on the back of the Nokia N9. The hatch is open. The tilt stand is seen surrounding the camera. The 5 megapixel back camera has an autofocus feature, dual LED flash, 4 3 and 1. The focal length of this camera is 5. It is capable of video recording at up to 8. The lens, while not in use, is protected by a sliding hatch. Opening the hatch launches the camera application. Although the 0. 3 megapixel front camera is capable of video recording at up to 6. IP using Google Talk,5. In update PR1. 2 OTA over the air Skype video calling was added, enabling the fascia camera. 4. With some software updates the phone becomes capable of playrecordstream 7. ButtonseditWhen holding the device facing the screen on the top, from left to right, rocking buttons which function as volume updown or zoom inout depending on the context, power onoff and camera button.
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Foreign Exchange Option.Money Management.In finance, a foreign exchange option commonly shortened to just FX option or currency option is a derivative financial instrument that gives the right but not the obligation to exchange money denominated in one currency into another currency at a pre agreed exchange rate on a specified date.See Foreign exchange derivative.The foreign exchange options market is the deepest, largest and most liquid market for options of any kind.Most trading is over the counter OTC and is lightly regulated, but a fraction is traded on exchanges like the International Securities Exchange, Philadelphia Stock Exchange, or the Chicago Mercantile Exchange for options on futures contracts.The global market for exchange traded currency options was notionally valued by the Bank for International Settlements at 1.Drive-logo/2386670429.png' alt='Camo Software India Pvt Ltd Addressing' title='Camo Software India Pvt Ltd Addressing' />For example, a GBPUSD contract could give the owner the right to sell December 3.In this case the pre agreed exchange rate, or strike price, is 2.USD per GBP or GBPUSD 2.This type of contract is both a call on dollars and a put on sterling, and is typically called a GBPUSD put, as it is a put on the exchange rate although it could equally be called a USDGBP call.If the rate is lower than 2.Top VIdeos. 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Although FX options are more widely used today than ever before, few multinationals act as if they truly understand when and why these instruments can add to shareholder value.To the contrary, much of the time corporates seem to use FX options to paper over accounting problems, or to disguise the true cost of speculative positioning, or sometimes to solve internal control problems.The standard clich Options are typically portrayed as a form of financial insurance, no less useful than property and casualty insurance.This glossy rationale masks the reality if it is insurance then a currency option is akin to buying theft insurance to protect against flood risk.The truth is that the range of truly non speculative uses for currency options, arising from the normal operations of a company, is quite small.YM/PH/MY-9762227/eimis-educational-institution-management-information-system-500x500.jpg' alt='Camo Software India Pvt Ltd Addressing' title='Camo Software India Pvt Ltd Addressing' />In reality currency options do provide excellent vehicles for corporates speculative positioning in the guise of hedging.Corporates would go better if they didnt believe the disguise was real.Lets start with six of the most common myths about the benefits of FX options to the international corporation myths that damage shareholder values.Historically, the currency derivative pricing literature and the macroeconomics literature on FX determination have progressed separately.Search metadata Search full text of books Search TV captions Search archived web sites Advanced Search.Chennai. Cognizant Technology Solutions.MEPZ Special Economic Zone, Plot No A15, 16, 17, Part B20, C10 C1 and D2, Tambaram, off NH 45, Chennai 600045, India.In finance, a foreign exchange option commonly shortened to just FX option or currency option is a derivative financial instrument that gives the right but not the.In this Chapter I argue the joint study of these two strands of literature and give an overview of FX option pricing concepts and terminology crucial for this interdisciplinary study.I also explain the three sources of information about market expectations and perception of risk that can be extracted from FX option prices and review empirical methods for extracting option implied densities of future exchange rates.As an illustration, I conclude the Chapter by investigating time series dynamics of option implied measures of FX risk vis a vis market events and US government policy actions during the period January 2.December 2. 00. 8.Chapter 2 This Chapter proposes using foreign exchange FX options with different strike prices and maturities to capture both FX expectations and risks.We show that exchange rate movements, which are notoriously difficult to model empirically, are well explained by the term structures of forward premia and options based measures of FX expectations and risk.Although this finding is to be expected, expectations and risk have been largely ignored in empirical exchange rate modeling.Using daily options data for six major currency pairs, we first show that the cross section options implied standard deviation, skewness and kurtosis consistently explain not only the conditional mean but also the entire conditional distribution of subsequent currency excess returns for horizons ranging from one week to twelve months.At June 3. 0 and September 3.Camo Software India Pvt Ltd Addressing' title='Camo Software India Pvt Ltd Addressing' />Note, however, that the notional amount of Ridgeways hedging instrument was only Therefore, subsequent to the increase in the value of the pound which is assumed to have occurred on June 3.Ridgeways foreign currency exchange risk was not hedged.For the three month period ending September 3.Of that amount, only 5.The difference between those amounts 2,5.At June 3. 0, the additional U.S. dollar fair value of 4.At September 3. 0, using the spot rate of 0.Ridge way will exclude from its assessment of hedge effectiveness the portion of the fair value of the put option attributable to time value.That is, Ridgeway will recognize changes in that portion of the put options fair value in earnings but will not consider those changes to represent ineffectiveness.Aitan Goelman, the CFTCs Director of Enforcement, stated The setting of a benchmark rate is not simply another opportunity for banks to earn a profit.Countless individuals and companies around the world rely on these rates to settle financial contracts, and this reliance is premised on faith in the fundamental integrity of these benchmarks.The market only works if people have confidence that the process of setting these benchmarks is fair, not corrupted by manipulation by some of the biggest banks in the world.The Commission finalized rules to implement the Dodd Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act regarding Regulation of Off Exchange Retail Foreign Exchange Transactions and Intermediaries.The Commission also finalized Conforming Changes to existing Retail Foreign Exchange Regulations in response to the Dodd Frank Act.Additional information regarding these final rules is provided below, including rules, factsheets, and details of meetings held between CFTC Staff and outside parties.Generally, retail customers are 1 individuals with less than 1.The enumerated counterparties who may lawfully conduct off exchange foreign currency trading with retail customers are regulated financial entities.These include, among others, FCMs and affiliates of FCMs.FCMs and their affiliates that are not also regulated as one of the other enumerated financial entities, remain subject to the Commissions anti fraud jurisdiction with respect to foreign currency transactions.This paper joins the vast literature on the forward premium puzzle by relating exchange rate returns to the stock and currency variance premiums measured as the option implied variance minus the expected or realized variance of stock and currency returns respectively.First, we empirically show that the foreign exchange forex variance risk is indeed priced in forex markets the currency variance risk premium is a useful predictor of the exchange rate return, especially at a medium 6 month horizon.Then, we document a finding that the stock variance risk premium can also predict the exchange rate return at a short 1 month horizon.Thus, currency and stock variance risk premiums seem to contain differential information content for the exchange rate return.This is confirmed by the fact that stock and currency variance premiums are poorly correlated with each other and by the evidence that the currency variance premium is not a useful predictor for local stock market returns.As required by the Commodity Exchange Act, the rule includes requirements for conducting retail forex transactions with respect to disclosure, recordkeeping, capital and margin, reporting, business conduct, and documentation.The requirements are similar to a recently enacted Commodity Futures Trading Commission CFTC rule governing retail forex transactions by CFTC registrants.The final rule was published in the Federal Register on July 1.The final rule is effective on July 1.National banks that were engaged in a retail forex business prior to July 1.August 1. 4, 2. 01.Currency Option Definition Investopedia.What is a Currency Option A currency option is a contract that grants the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell a specified currency at a.Foreign exchange option Wikipedia.Foreignexchangeoption. 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Kilauea Mount Etna Mount Yasur Mount Nyiragongo and Nyamuragira Piton de la Fournaise Erta Ale. Top Engineering Colleges in India 2. ListRankingBest1. Welcome to List of Top Engineering Colleges in India 2. Ranking of b tech colleges in India section. Following is the list of Top 1. India offering courses in engineering. The admission to these colleges is done through various entrance exams like JEE, GATE and State CETs like KCET, GCET, MHT CET, etc. This list of best engineering colleges in India 2. Indian Institute of Technology, Madras. Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay. Best Software Engineering Colleges In Maharashtra Through MhtcetIndian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur. Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi. Best Software Engineering Colleges In Maharashtra AcceptingTop Colleges in India Top 100 Engineering Colleges in India. IIT Kanpur is the Number 1 Engineering College in India. Best Engineering Institute. College. Here is a list of Top Indian Private Engineering colleges. This list will be very helpful for students who are interested in pursuing career in Engineering. We have. Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur. Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee. Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati. Anna University, Channai. Jadavpur University, Kolkata. Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad. National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli. National Institute of Technology, Rourkela. Maharashtra m h r t r Marathi mharar listen, abbr. MH is a state in the western region of India and is Indias second. Way2college. com is one stop solution for all higher education needs, its a portal providing information of 100 Courses and 20,000 Colleges and Universities. Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore. Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai. Indian Institute of Technology, Indore. Birla Institute of Technology Science, Pilani. Indian Institute of Engineering Science And Technology, Shibpur. Indian Institute of Technology, Bhubaneswar. Indian Institute of Technology, Patna. Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi. Indian Institute of Technology, Ropar. National Institute of Technology, Surathkal. Indian Institute of Technology Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad. College of Engineering, Pune. Shanmugha Arts Science Technology Research Academy SASTRA, Thanjavur. Thapar University, Patiala. Sri Sivasubrmaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam. Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram. Indian Institute of Technology, Mandi. Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar. Indian Institute of Technology Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi. Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi. PSG College of Technologyy, Coimbatore. National Institute of Technology, Warangal. S. R. M Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai. National Institute of Industrial Engineering, Mumbai. Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madura. Pondicherry Engineering College, Puducherry. Delhi Technological University, New Delhi. Zakir Husain College of Engineering Technology, Aligarh. Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad. Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur Deemed University Nagpur. Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal. National Institute of Technology, Calicut. M. S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bengaluru. AMITY University, Gautam Budh Nagar. Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubneshwar. Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati. R. V. College of Engineering, Bengaluru. Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat. Coimbatore Institute of Technology, Coimbatore. B. M. S. College of Engineering, Bengaluru. National Institute of Technology, Silchar. Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida. National Institute of Technology, Durgapur. Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology New Delhi IIIT New Delhi, Delhi. Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai. Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R D Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai. National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur. National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra. Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal. Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore. Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad. Shri Ramdeobaba College of Engineering and Management, Nagpur. Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur. Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University College of Engineering, Pune. G. H. Raisoni College of Engineering, Nagpur. Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation University K L College of Engineering, Vaddeswaram. Pandit Dwarka Prasad Mishra Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and Manufacturing IIITDM, Jabalpur. Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur. Dhirubhai Ambani Institute of Information and Communication Technology, Gandhinagar. Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumkur. Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi. Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Dwark. International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad. Faculty of Technology Engineering, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara. Army Institute of Technology, Pune. PSNA College of Engineering and Technology, Dindigul. Nirma University, Ahmedabad. University College of Engineering, Hyderabad. Sagi Ramakrishnam Raju Engineering College, Bhimavaram. Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore. Jaypee University of Information Technology, Solan. R. M. K. Engineering College, Kavaraipettai. Punjab Engineering College, Chandigarh. PES University, Bengaluru. National Institute of Technology, Manipur. Vignans Foundation for Science, Technology and Research, Guntur. B. S. Abdur Rahman Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai. Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology, Hyderabad. Saveetha Engineering College, Sriperumbudur. C. V. Raman College of Engineering, Bhubneshwar. College of Engineering, Trivandrum. Maharashtra Institute of Technology, Pune. BMS Institute of Technology Management, Bengaluru. Sri Sai Ram Engineering College, Chennai. ST. Josephs College of Engineering, Chennai. Andhra University, Visakhapatnam. K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengo. National Institute of Technology Shillong. Maharashtra Wikipedia. Maharashtra Marathi mharar listen, abbr. MH is a state in the western region of India and is Indias second most populous state and third largest state by area. Spread over 3. 07,7. Arabian Sea to the west and the Indian states of Karnataka, Telangana, Goa, Gujarat, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh and the Union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli. It is also the worlds second most populoussubnational entity. It has over 1. 12 million inhabitants and its capital, Mumbai, has a population of approximately 1. Nagpur is Maharashtras second capital as well as its winter capital67 while Pune is regarded as its Cultural Capital. Maharashtra is the wealthiest state by GDP and also the most industrialized state in India. It is one of the most developed states in India, contributing 2. GDP 2. 01. 01. 1. 8 As of 2. US1,6. 00, more than the national average of 0. US1,1. 00. Its GDP per capita crossed the 1. US1,9. 00 threshold for the first time in 2. India. However, as of 2. GDP per capita reduced to 1. US1,6. 00. 9Mumbai is the capital of Maharashtra since the day it was formed. The major rivers of the state are Godavari, and Krishna. The Narmada and Tapti Rivers flow near the border between Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat. Maharashtra is the third most urbanised state among major states in India. 1. Ancient and medieval Maharashtra was ruled by the Satavahana dynasty, Rashtrakuta dynasty, Western Chalukyas, Deccan sultanates, Mughals and Marathas respectively. Ruins, monuments, tombs, forts and places of worship left by these rulers are dotted around the state. They include the world heritage sites of Ajanta caves and Ellora caves. There are also numerous forts associated with the life of Shivaji Maharaj. EtymologyeditThe modern Marathi language developed from the Maharashtri Prakrit,1. Marhatta later used for the Marathas is found in the Jain Maharashtri literature. The terms Maharashtra, Maharashtri, Marathi and Maratha may have derived from the same root. However, their exact etymology is uncertain. 1. The Nashik Gazetteer states that in 2. BC Maharatta is mentioned as one of the places to which Mauryan emperor Ashoka sent an embassy, and Maharashtraka is recorded in a Chalukyan inscription of 5. CE as including three provinces and 9. But the Marathas as a people do not seem to be mentioned before the thirteenth or fourteenth century. 1. The most widely accepted theory among the linguistic scholars is that the words Maratha and Maharashtra ultimately derived from a combination of Maha Marathi and rashtrika Marathi. 1. Deccan region. 1. Another theory is that the term is derived from Maha great and ratha rathi chariot charioteer, which refers to a skilful northern fighting force that migrated southward into the area. 1. An alternative theory states that the term derives from the word Maha great and Rashtra nationdominion. 1. However, this theory is somewhat controversial among modern scholars who believe it to be the Sanskritised interpretation of later writers. 1. HistoryeditMaharashtra was ruled by the Maurya Empire in the 4th and 3rd centuries BCE. Around 2. 30 BCE Maharashtra came under the rule of the Satavahana dynasty for 4. The greatest ruler of the Satavahana Dynasty was Gautamiputra Satakarni. In 9. 0 CE Vedishri,2. Satavahana king Satakarni, the Lord of Dakshinapatha, wielder of the unchecked wheel of Sovereignty, made Junnar, thirty miles north of Pune, the capital of his kingdom. The state was also ruled by Western Satraps, Gupta Empire, Gurjara Pratihara, Vakataka, Kadambas, Chalukya Empire, Rashtrakuta Dynasty, and Western Chalukya before finally, the Yadava rule. The Buddhist. Ajanta Caves in present day Aurangabad display influences from the Satavahana and Vakataka style. The caves were possibly excavated during this period. 2. The Chalukya dynasty ruled from the 6th century to the 8th century CE and the two prominent rulers were Pulakeshin II, who defeated the north Indian Emperor Harsha, and Vikramaditya II, who defeated the Arab invaders in the 8th century. The Rashtrakuta dynasty ruled Maharashtra from the 8th to the 1. The Arab traveller Sulaiman described the ruler of the Rashtrakuta Dynasty Amoghavarsha as one of the 4 great kings of the world. 2. From the early 1. Deccan Plateau, which includes a significant part of Maharashtra, was dominated by the Western Chalukya Empire and the Chola dynasty. 2. Several battles were fought between the Western Chalukya Empire and the Chola dynasty in the Deccan Plateau during the reigns of Raja Raja Chola I, Rajendra Chola I, Jayasimha II, Someshvara I and Vikramaditya VI. 2. In the early 1. 4th century, the Yadava dynasty, which ruled most of present day Maharashtra, was overthrown by the Delhi Sultanate ruler Ala ud din Khalji. Later, Muhammad bin Tughluq conquered parts of the Deccan, and temporarily shifted his capital from Delhi to Daulatabad in Maharashtra. After the collapse of the Tughluqs in 1. Bahmani Sultanate of Gulbarga took over, governing the region for the next 1. After the break up of the Bahamani sultanate in 1. Maharashtra split into five Deccan Sultanates Nizamshah of Ahmednagar, Adilshah of Bijapur, Qutubshah of Golkonda, Bidarshah of Bidar and Imadshah of Elichpur. These kingdoms often fought with each other. United, they decisively defeated the Vijayanagara Empire of the south in 1. The present area of Mumbai was ruled by the Sultanate of Gujarat before its capture by Portugal in 1. Faruqi dynasty ruled the Khandesh region between 1. Mughal Empire. Malik Ambar, the regent of the Nizamshahi dynasty of Ahmednagar from 1. Murtaza Nizam Shah and raised a large army. Malik Ambar is said to have been a proponent of guerilla warfare in the Deccan region. Malik Ambar assisted Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in Delhi against his stepmother, Nur Jahan, who had ambitions of seating her son in law on the throne. 2. By the early 1. 7th century, Shahaji Bhosale, an ambitious local general who had served Ahmadnagar Nizamshahi, the Mughals and Adil Shah of Bijapur at different periods during his career, attempted to establish his independent rule. 3. His son Shivaji succeeded in establishing the Maratha Empire which was further expanded during the 1. Bhat family Peshwas based in Pune, Bhonsle of Nagpur, Gaekwad of Baroda, Holkar of Indore, Scindia of Gwalior. 3. At its peak, the empire covered much of the subcontinent, encompassing a territory of over 2. The Marathas are credited to a large extent for ending the Mughal rule in India. 3. The Marathas defeated the Mughals, and conquered large territories in northern and central parts of the Indian subcontinent. After their defeat at the hand of Ahmad Shah Abdalis Afghan forces in the Third Battle of Panipat in 1. Maratha suffered a setback. However, the Marathas soon regained lost influence and ruled central and north India including New Delhi until the end of the eighteenth century. The Third Anglo Maratha War 1. Maratha Empire and East India Company ruled the country in 1. The Marathas also developed a potent Navy circa 1. India from Mumbai to Savantwadi. 3. It would engage in attacking the British, Portuguese, Dutch, and Siddi Naval ships and kept a check on their naval ambitions. The Maratha Navy dominated till around the 1. India contains no more than two great powers, British and Mahratta, and every other state acknowledges the influence of one or the other. Every inch that we recede will be occupied by them. Charles Metcalfe, one of the ablest of the British Officials in India and later acting Governor General, wrote in 1. The British governed western Maharashtra as part of the Bombay Presidency, which spanned an area from Karachi in Pakistan to northern Deccan. A number of the Maratha states persisted as princely states, retaining autonomy in return for acknowledging British suzerainty. The largest princely states in the territory were Nagpur, Satara and Kolhapur Satara was annexed to the Bombay Presidency in 1. Nagpur was annexed in 1. Nagpur Province, later part of the Central Provinces. Berar, which had been part of the Nizam of Hyderabads kingdom, was occupied by the British in 1. Central Provinces in 1. However, a large part called Marathwada remained part of the Nizams Hyderabad State throughout the British period. The period of British rule was marked by social reforms and an improvement in infrastructure as well as revolts due to their discriminatory policies. ABAP Shared Memory Objects Tutorial with Sample ABAP Code.CRM Companies List.Web Based CRM Software.This ABAP Shared Memory Objects tutorial includes sample ABAP code showing how to code to store data in shared memory objects and read data from shared memory object.By following the instructions in this step by step ABAP tutorial, developers can create a shared memory object in SAP.Given sample ABAP codes and sample programs will help developers to write data or read data from shared memory objects using shared memory programming.ABAP developers can use following SAP transaction codes for Shared Memory Object development, debugging and monitoring SE8.SE2.ABAP Workbench Class Builder editor to create root class for data structure.SHMA SAP transaction for creating Shared Object Area class interface.SHMM to monitor Shared Memory Areas objects, their memory consumption, and view and display data contained in shared memory object.Of course ABAP developers can use transaction SE3.ABAP programs where they set the shared memory object value and read back from shared memory area object.Steps to Implement ABAP Shared Object Solution.Create a class that represents data structure.Update Statement In Sap Abap Tutorial' title='Update Statement In Sap Abap Tutorial' />Ill refer this class as root class.Use SE8.SE2.Create a shared memory area class to wrap data class for standard shared memory object methods.Ill refer this class as handle class.Use SHMA transaction.ABAP code to write data to shared memory object.CHECK statement can be used to terminate a subroutine conditionally.If the logical expression in the CHECK statement is untrue, the subroutine is terminated, and the.For example you can build a simple ABAP program using SE3.ABAP code to read data from shared memory object.A similar ABAP report can be written to read data from shared memory object using SE3.Naming of the root class and the shared memory area is important.The first part of the names of both classes should be same.On the other hand root class name should be ending with root and the shared memory area class name should end with area.In fact this naming simpifies the work of ABAP developer.ABAP programmers will have a better understanding about the objects theyre using to build a SAP shared memory object solution.Convert Ost To Pst Free Crack Giveaway on this page.Root Class for Shared Memory Object.In this section of the ABAP tutorial, we will create a class with Shared Memory Enabled option is selected.The class name is ZVBRKSHMTABLEROOT for the sake of naming standards.First of all, call SE8.Workbench transaction code and choose Class Interface as object type.Then type the name of the new root class for your shared memory object as seen in below screen shot.Press Enter key for next dialog.When your approval is requested to create the mentioned class since it does not exist, click Yes to continue to create the new root class for shared memory object.Choose Class option instead of Interface to indicate that youre creating a class not an interface.Press Enter or OK icon button.Provide class description for the shared memory object root class.Choose instantiation as Public.Class type is Usual ABAP class and mark Final checkbox.When you are finished with basic class properties, click Save to continue for the SAP Class Builder screen.Be sure that you do not forget to mark Shared Memory Enabled checkbox on class properties screen general data section.Now after we mark the class as shared memory enabled, we will now create an attribute where data will be stored and two class methods to set and get shared data in the class attribute.Now switch to Attributes tab and define a private attribute where data will be stored.For example we can create an attribute where ABAP developers can store a list of SAP document numbers in VBELN data type.When I searched the ABAP dictionary for an existing table type for VBELN data type, I found VBELNVLT table type.Ill use VBELNVLT table type in this tutorial to create a class attribute for storing SAP document numbers like invoice numbers or order numbers in a shared memory object.After attribute is created, ABAP developers can continue with next step.In this step, we will create two public methods.These methods will be used to set data to private attribute and get data read from private attribute of the shared memory object.SETVBELN method has import parameter PVBELN of type VBELNVLT which is a table type for VBELN data element.This method takes internal table of table type VBELNVLT to set as shared memory object data content.GETVBELN method has export parameter PVBELNTBL of type VBELNVLT which is a table type for document numbers.Using the export method GetVbeln, ABAP users will be able to return shared memory object table for all stored document numbers.After the developer defines class attribute and setget methods of the root class, within the methods following ABAP codes can be used.METHOD SETVBELN.SHMVBELNTBL PVBELN.ENDMETHOD.METHOD GETVBELN.PVBELNTBL SHMVBELNTBL.ENDMETHOD.Set method assigns the input parameter value as the value of shared memory object attribute.And the Get method returns the attribute value as export parameter.We will see how we will call these shared memory enabled class methods within other ABAP programs later in this ABAP tutorial.Create Shared Memory Area Handle Class.This tutorial step demonstrates the creation of the shared memory area.To create a Shared Memory Area ABAP developers can use SHMA SAP transaction code.Area name should be ZVBRKSHMTABLEAREA according to the naming rules which will help the developers to reference it without any confusion later.When you press Create button, following Create Area screen will be displayed.Enter the root class name we have created as shared memory root class in Attributes tab basic properties section.In our tutorial, we have defined the root class name as ZVBRKSHMTABLEROOT in previous steps.If you look at the details of the above Create Area screen, you will realize that an ABAP developer can enable versioning with a Shared Area object.It is also possible to define the maximum shared area object size that will keep on memory in k.Byte and maximum number of allowed versions.After you complete Shared Memory Area properties like deciding if you want to use it with Versioning is enabled or not, first press Save icon and then press Release button at top icons menu.The class category is Area Class Shared Objects when you display the shared memory area using SE8.The Root attribute of the handle class is automatically set to previously created root class at step 1.The below ABAP report whose source code is given reads shared memory object value.Root class attachforread method must be called before reading shared memory data using our custom GetVbeln method.At the end of the read process, ABAP developers must call detach method to free shared memory object.REPORT ZREADSHAREDMEMORYOBJECT.DATA ltvbeln type VBELNVLT.DATA lsvbeln like LINE OF ltvbeln.DATA lrhandle TYPE REF TO ZVBRKSHMTABLEAREA.ZVBRKSHMTABLEAREA attachforread.IMPORTING PVBELNTBL ltvbeln.In order to update data stored in memory using shared memory objects, developers must consider using one of attachforwrite or attachforupdate methods.Following ABAP report is demonstrating how to assign shared memory object value.First of all, using below ABAP a check is done to see if an active version of the shared memory object exists or not.This check is done by reading the shared memory object.If cxshmnoactiveversion exception is catched in the ABAP TRY and CATCH syntax, then ABAP developer should use attachforwrite method while creating the root class object handle.Otherwise, attachforupdate method can be used during root creation of the root class handle.REPORT zsharedmemoryobjectsample.PARAMETERS prvbeln LIKE vbrk vbeln DEFAULT 1.ABAP program appends pVBELN parameter value TO Shared Memory Object.DATA ltvbeln type VBELNVLT.DATA lsvbeln like LINE OF ltvbeln.DATA lrhandle TYPE REF TO zvbrkshmtablearea.Area Class.DATA lrroot TYPE REF TO zvbrkshmtableroot.Root attribute of handle class.SHM Model of a Data Clas First Try to Readdata excp type ref to cxshmnoactiveversion.IMPORTING PVBELNTBL ltvbeln.X. Adobe Reader Free Download Italiano Vero on this page. APPEND prvbeln to ltvbeln.IF lfreaderror X.ELSE. |
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